New Actuator Disk Model for the Analysis of Wind Turbines Wake Interaction with the Ground

Wake models based on Actuator Disk theory are usually applied to optimize the wind farm layouts and improve their overall efficiency expected AEP. Despite effectiveness of existing models, most approaches flow axisymmetric assumption, without considering ground effect wake behavior. However, it has been shown that mast’s height, or distance from turbine ground, an influence expansion both hub’s side at downstream turbine. Therefore, in this study, a hybrid CFD-BEM-Actuator approach is developed address lack models. In proposed model, 3D rotor modeled by set blade elements. Then, local lift drag forces acting each element calculated using BEM incorporated into momentum equation. This BEM-AD model implemented User Defined Function (UDF) loaded CFD software. Thereby, effects considered be wall boundary defining layer profile inlet boundary, which describes Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL). For validation new enhanced experimental study conducted Dynfluid Laboratory tunnel (ENSAM School Paris Tech). The Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurements used for explorations miniature two-bladed developments analyzed two different hub heights ratio, h/D = 0.7 1.0 (where h D diameter). analysis outcomes showed numerical simulations good correlation with ENSAM tunnel. results show h/D=0.7, upper half operates within whereas lower tip vortices mainly horizontal direction intensity compared vortices. was not observed case h/D=1.0 where outside layer; however, centerline upward deflected about 0.3D. main conclusion above 7D must between turbines performance over 1D height required limit effect.